Radionuclides in the Environment

Influence of chemical speciation and plant uptake on radionuclide migration

Autor: Dharmendra K. Gupta, Clemens Walther

Język:

Oprawa: Miękka

Wydawca: Springer International Publishing AG

Dostępność: Dostępna u dostawcy

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This book provides extensive and comprehensive information to researchers and academicians who are i...

Informacje o książce

Autor

Dharmendra K. Gupta, Clemens Walther

Język

Angielski

Oprawa

Książka - Miękka

Data wydania

2016

strony

273

EAN

9783319368306

ISBN

3319368303

Enbook ID

18051326

Wydawca

Springer International Publishing AG

Waga

4336

Wymiary

155 x 235 x 16

Pełny opis

This book provides extensive and comprehensive information to researchers and academicians who are interested in radionuclide contamination, its sources and environmental impact. It is also useful for graduate and undergraduate students specializing in radioactive-waste disposal and its impact on natural as well as manmade environments. A number of sites are affected by large legacies of waste from the mining and processing of radioactive minerals. Over recent decades, several hundred radioactive isotopes (radioisotopes) of natural elements have been produced artificially, including 90Sr, 137Cs and 131I. Several other anthropogenic radioactive elements have also been produced in large quantities, for example technetium, neptunium, plutonium and americium, although plutonium does occur naturally in trace amounts in uranium ores. The deposition of radionuclides on vegetation and soil, as well as the uptake from polluted aquifers (root uptake or irrigation) are the initial point for their transfer into the terrestrial environment and into food chains. There are two principal deposition processes for the removal of pollutants from the atmosphere: dry deposition is the direct transfer through absorption of gases and particles by natural surfaces, such as vegetation, whereas showery or wet deposition is the transport of a substance from the atmosphere to the ground by snow, hail or rain. Once deposited on any vegetation, radionuclides are removed from plants by the airstre am and rain, either through percolation or by cuticular scratch. The increase in biomass during plant growth does not cause a loss of activity, but it does lead to a decrease in activity concentration due to effective dilution. There is also systemic transport (translocation) of radionuclides within the plant subsequent to foliar uptake, leading the transfer of chemical components to other parts of the plant that have not been contaminated directly.

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Radionuclides in the Environment

Influence of chemical speciation and plant uptake on radionuclide migration

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